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Updated: Nov 30, 2025
Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Published on: March 14, 2025
Schizophrenia with and without obsessive-compulsive symptoms: a comparative analysis of performance on trail making
Apala Singh1, Ram Pratap Beniwal2, Triptish Bhatia2
1Department of Psychiatry, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (G.I.P.M.E.R.), New Delhi, Delhi, India.
Background:
Presence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) affects performance on tests of some cognitive functions, such as the trail making test (TMT), and may affect the level of disability in schizophrenia (SZ).
Aims:
The aim of the present study was to compare performance on TMT and disability on WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) in persons with SZ with and without OCS in a cross-sectional study.
Methods:
Persons with SZ (n=200) fulfilling DSM-V (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual) diagnostic criteria were assessed on Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) and divided into two groups based on presence or absence of OCS. TMT and WHODAS V.2.0 were applied. The two groups as a whole, as well as a subsample matched on age, gender and age of onset were compared.
Results:
Out of 200 persons with SZ, 37 (18.5%) reported OCS. The OCS group took a significantly longer mean time to complete TMT-A (Z=-3.02, p=0.003) as well as TMT-B (Z=-3.551, p<0.001). Significant correlations were found between TMT-A and total YBOCS Scores (r=0.351, p=0.033), as well as TMT-A and YBOCS compulsion scores (r=0.404, p=0.013) but not with TMT-B Scores. The OCS group reported greater disability in all domains separately as well as on average WHODAS Scores (Z=-5.969, p<0.001). Significant correlations were found between YBOCS obsession scores and YBOCS total scores with average WHODAS Scores (r=0.614, p<0.001 and r=0.406, p=0.013, respectively). We obtained essentially similar results with the matched subsample as well as with the entire group.
Conclusion:
Persons with SZ and comorbid OCS had significantly poorer performance on TMTs and greater disability in comparison to persons with SZ alone. Magnitude of disability correlated with severity of OCS.
