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Quantum Theory of Triboelectricity
Robert Alicki1, Alejandro Jenkins1,2,3
1International Centre for Theory of Quantum Technologies (ICTQT), University of Gdańsk, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
Physical Review Letters
|November 16, 2020
Summary
This study presents a microphysical theory for the triboelectric effect, explaining charge separation during rubbing. It proposes that motion-induced population inversion generates electromotive force, consistent with triboelectrification phenomena.
Area of Science:
- Physics
- Materials Science
- Tribology
Background:
- The triboelectric effect involves charge separation between materials upon contact and separation.
- Existing theories often lack a detailed microphysical explanation for the observed phenomena.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a microphysical theory explaining the triboelectric effect.
- To provide a theoretical basis for understanding triboelectrification and triboluminescence.
Main Methods:
- Modeling surface electrons as an open system coupled to material bulks.
- Extending Zel'dovich's theory of bosonic superradiance.
- Analyzing motion-induced population inversion to generate electromotive force.
Main Results:
- A theoretical framework for charge separation via mechanical rubbing.
- Demonstration that population inversion can induce an electromotive force.
- Consistency of the theory with triboelectrification and triboluminescence phenomenology.
Conclusions:
- The proposed theory offers a microphysical explanation for the triboelectric effect.
- The theory aligns with the irreversible nature of triboelectrification and triboluminescence.
- Suggests avenues for future experimental validation and refinement.
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