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Selection signatures in two oldest Russian native cattle breeds revealed using high-density single nucleotide
Natalia Anatolievna Zinovieva1, Arsen Vladimirovich Dotsev1, Alexander Alexandrovich Sermyagin1
1L.K. Ernst Federal Science Center for Animal Husbandry, Federal Agency of Scientific Organizations, settl. Dubrovitzy, Podolsk Region, Moscow Province, Russia.
Plos One
|November 16, 2020
Summary
This study analyzed genetic data from Russian Yaroslavl and Kholmogor cattle, identifying novel selection signatures. These findings aid in conserving these native dairy breeds.
Area of Science:
- Animal Genetics
- Genomics
- Conservation Biology
Background:
- Native cattle breeds possess unique genetic signatures reflecting adaptation and breeding history.
- Russian Yaroslavl and Kholmogor dairy breeds have minimal introgression, making them valuable for studying selection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize population structure and detect selection signatures in Russian Yaroslavl and Kholmogor cattle breeds.
- To identify novel genomic regions and candidate genes under selection in these native breeds.
Main Methods:
- Genome-wide analysis of high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes from 56 pedigree animals.
- Combined three statistical methods: fixation index (FST), hapFLK, and runs of homozygosity (ROH) islands.
- Functional annotation of candidate genes within selected genomic regions.
Main Results:
- Confirmed known selection regions and identified three novel selection sweeps in Yaroslavl cattle and three in Kholmogor cattle.
- Only two selected regions overlapped between Yaroslavl, Kholmogor, and Holstein breeds.
- Expanded the list of candidate genes associated with selected regions, providing functional insights.
Conclusions:
- High-density SNP genotyping and multiple statistical analyses effectively detected novel putative genomic regions and candidate genes under selection.
- Findings contribute to understanding the genetic basis of adaptation and artificial selection in these breeds.
- Results support the sustainable development and conservation of the Yaroslavl and Kholmogor cattle breeds.
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