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Impaired left atrial mechanical functions as indicators for increased aortic root diameter in hypertensive and

Ezgi Kalaycıoğlu1, Mustafa Çetin2, Ali Gökhan Özyıldız3

  • 1Ahi Evren Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Education and Research Hospital, Department of Cardiology, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Trabzon, Turkey.

Herz
|November 16, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Increased aortic root diameter (ARD) is linked to impaired left atrial (LA) mechanical functions. Speckle tracking echocardiography reveals that reduced LA strain and strain rate are associated with larger ARD, independent of diastolic dysfunction.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Cardiovascular Imaging

Background:

  • Increased aortic root diameter (ARD) is a known risk factor for cardiovascular events and stroke.
  • Left atrial (LA) function is crucial for cardiovascular health, and its mechanical properties can be assessed using advanced echocardiographic techniques.
  • Left atrial mechanical dispersion is a predictor of new-onset atrial fibrillation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between aortic root diameter (ARD) and left atrial (LA) mechanical functions.
  • To determine if impaired LA mechanical function is associated with increased ARD.
  • To identify predictors of increased ARD related to LA function.

Main Methods:

  • The study included 93 consecutive patients with hypertension and diabetes.
  • Two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) was used to evaluate LA mechanical functions.
  • Patients were divided into two groups based on mean ARD values (≤30.03 mm and >30.03 mm).

Main Results:

  • Patients with larger ARD (group 2) showed significantly higher LA volumes and expansion index compared to group 1.
  • Peak LA strain (S-LAs) and strain rate (SR-LAs) during systole, and early diastolic strain (S-LAe) and strain rate (SR-LAe) were significantly lower in the group with larger ARD.
  • Multivariate analysis identified age, LA expansion index, and SR-LAe as independent predictors of increased ARD.

Conclusions:

  • Impaired left atrial mechanical functions, assessed by speckle tracking, are associated with increased aortic root diameter.
  • These findings are independent of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.
  • Speckle tracking echocardiography provides valuable insights into the relationship between ARD and LA mechanics.
Abstract

Keywords:
Atrial fibrillationHypertensionLeft atriumStrokeTwo-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography

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