Comparing Occlusive Balloon Performance Using 3-Dimensional Printed Models of Intracranial Aneurysmal Defects

Area of Science:

• Neurosurgery
• Biomedical Engineering
• Medical Device Technology

Background:

• Balloon remodeling microcatheters are critical for endovascular coiling of brain aneurysms.
• The performance and pressure requirements of different balloon types in aneurysmal defects are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the compliance and pressure performance of three different balloon remodeling microcatheters.
• To determine how balloon type and defect size influence performance during simulated endovascular coiling.

Main Methods:

• 3D-printed model vessels with aneurysmal defects were created using polylactic acid.
• A pressurized box simulated physiologic pressures, housing the model vessels for testing.
• Three compliant remodeling balloons (Hyperglide, Transform, Scepter C) were tested under fluoroscopy, recording diameter and pressure at nominal and supranominal inflation points.

Main Results:

• The Scepter balloon demonstrated significantly greater compliance than Hyperglide and Transform balloons (P < 0.001).
• Scepter balloons exhibited higher compliance in larger defects compared to other balloon types.
• Performance varied based on balloon type and the size of the simulated vessel defect.

Conclusions:

• Scepter balloons require less pressure to deform through model defects, particularly in larger aneurysm necks within smaller vessels.
• These findings can guide clinicians in selecting the optimal balloon type and size to minimize pressure in fragile brain aneurysms.
• Understanding device-specific performance is crucial for improving safety and efficacy in endovascular aneurysm treatment.