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Paediatric intestinal failure and transplantation

Jason Y K Yap1,2, Amin J Roberts3, Julie E Bines1,2,4

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health
|November 16, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Children with intestinal failure require specialized care for optimal outcomes. Advances in medical, surgical, and nutritional strategies improve intestinal rehabilitation and limit complications, enhancing quality of life.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Intestinal Rehabilitation
  • Parenteral Nutrition

Background:

  • Intestinal failure (IF) is a severe condition impacting nutrient absorption, necessitating parenteral nutrition (PN) for survival and growth in children.
  • While PN is available widely, specialized multidisciplinary care at pediatric centers significantly improves outcomes for chronic IF.
  • Recent progress in IF management focuses on optimizing intestinal function and minimizing associated complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review key advancements in the comprehensive management of pediatric intestinal failure.
  • To highlight the importance of specialized multidisciplinary teams in treating children with IF.
  • To discuss the evolving role of intestinal transplantation in severe pediatric IF cases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent medical, surgical, and nutritional advances in pediatric intestinal failure.
  • Analysis of outcomes associated with specialized care models versus general hospital management.
  • Evaluation of the current evidence and trends in intestinal transplantation for pediatric IF.

Main Results:

  • Multidisciplinary specialized care at pediatric centers demonstrably improves outcomes for children with chronic intestinal failure.
  • Advances in medical, surgical, and nutritional interventions are effectively optimizing intestinal rehabilitation and promoting enteral autonomy.
  • Intestinal transplantation remains an evolving but crucial option for children with life-threatening complications refractory to other treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Optimized intestinal rehabilitation and specialized care are critical for improving the prognosis of children with intestinal failure.
  • Continued innovation in treatment strategies is essential for enhancing the quality of life and long-term health of affected children.
  • The multidisciplinary approach, including consideration of intestinal transplantation, offers a pathway to better management of complex pediatric intestinal failure.

Keywords:
intestinal failureintestinal rehabilitationintestinal transplantationparenteral nutritionshort bowel syndrome

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