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Applications Of NMR In Biology01:25

Applications Of NMR In Biology

4.2K
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a very valuable analytical technique for researchers. It has been used for more than 50 years as an analytical tool. F. Bloch and E. Purcell formulated NMR in 1946 and won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physics  for their work. Biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and organic molecules including pharmaceutical compounds, can be studied using this versatile tool that exploits the magnetic properties of certain nuclei.
4.2K
Mass Spectrometry: Isotope Effect01:13

Mass Spectrometry: Isotope Effect

3.5K
Most elements exist in nature as a mixture of isotopes. The isotopes differ in weight due to their respective number of neutrons. The molecular weight of a molecule is different depending on the specific isotope of its elements involved. As a result, the mass spectrum of the molecule exhibits peaks from the same fragment at multiple positions. The positions of these mass signals depend on the difference between the molecular mass. Furthermore, the intensity of these signals is dependent on the...
3.5K
¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling01:04

¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling

1.4K
The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
A broadband decoupling technique is used to simplify these complex, sometimes overlapping, signals. Broadband decoupling relies on a...
1.4K
Other Nuclides: 31P, 19F, 15N NMR01:16

Other Nuclides: 31P, 19F, 15N NMR

611
Many organic, inorganic, and biological molecules contain spin-half nuclei such as nitrogen-15, fluorine-19, and phosphorus-31. As a result, NMR studies of these nuclei have found extensive applications in chemical and biological research.
While fluorine-19 and phosphorous-31 have high natural abundances (100%) and positive gyromagnetic ratios, nitrogen-15 has a low natural abundance and a negative gyromagnetic ratio. However, nitrogen-15 is still preferred over nitrogen-14 (which has a...
611
Mass Spectrum: Interpretation01:24

Mass Spectrum: Interpretation

2.4K
An unknown compound can be established by identifying the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum. The molecular ion peak is often weak or absent due to the predominance of fragmentation in high-energy electron beams. In such cases, a low-energy electron beam can be used to scan the spectrum to enhance the intensity of the molecular ion peak. Additionally, chemical ionization, field ionization, and desorption ionization spectra are used to obtain a relatively intense molecular ion peak.
To...
2.4K
2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques

551
Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other...
551

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 30, 2025

Workflow Based on the Combination of Isotopic Tracer Experiments to Investigate Microbial Metabolism of Multiple Nutrient Sources
12:47

Workflow Based on the Combination of Isotopic Tracer Experiments to Investigate Microbial Metabolism of Multiple Nutrient Sources

Published on: January 22, 2018

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NMR-based isotopic and isotopomic analysis.

Serge Akoka1, Gérald S Remaud1

  • 1Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM, UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France.

Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
|November 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Quantitative Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (qNMR) precisely measures intramolecular isotope profiles, revealing molecular origins. This technique offers valuable insights into biochemical pathways and aids in authentication and forensic investigations.

Keywords:
High accuracyIsotopic analysisPSIAQuantitative NMRirm-NMR

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biochemistry
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Biological and chemical processes preferentially utilize specific isotopes, leading to distinct isotopic compositions in molecules.
  • Isotopic analysis provides crucial information about the origin and history of both natural and synthetic compounds.
  • Mass spectrometry offers global isotope composition, while Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy enables site-specific analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the requirements and experimental strategies for employing quantitative NMR (qNMR) to measure intramolecular isotope profiles.
  • To define essential vocabulary and symbols for describing and quantifying isotopic content and changes.
  • To present the theoretical framework and practical aspects of high-accuracy qNMR for isotope ratio measurement.

Main Methods:

  • Development of quantitative NMR (qNMR) techniques for precise isotope ratio measurements.
  • Application of qNMR to various nuclei beyond deuterium (2H).
  • Establishment of theoretical principles and practical methodologies for intramolecular isotope profiling.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of qNMR's capability to measure isotope ratios at individual molecular positions.
  • Development of a framework for understanding and quantifying isotopic fractionation in metabolic pathways.
  • Successful application of qNMR in tackling counterfeiting, authentication, and forensic investigations.

Conclusions:

  • Quantitative NMR is a powerful tool for determining intramolecular isotope profiles, offering unique insights into molecular origins.
  • The developed methods provide a foundation for advanced isotopic analysis in various scientific fields.
  • qNMR holds significant potential for future applications in authentication, forensics, and understanding biochemical processes.