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Anticoagulation in COVID - 19: An Update
Nishant R Tiwari1, Khalid I Khatib2, Subhal B Dixit3
1Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College and Sassoon General Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Insights
COVID-19 (severe acute respiratory syndrome-corona virus-2) infection is linked to blood clotting issues. Understanding and managing these thrombotic events is crucial for patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Hematology
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, presents significant challenges in patient management.
- SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with abnormal coagulation parameters and a higher risk of thrombotic events.
- Deranged coagulation markers like D-dimers can predict disease severity and prognosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the occurrence, prevention, and management of thrombotic events in COVID-19 patients.
- To highlight the importance of addressing venous thromboembolism (VTE) in the context of COVID-19.
- To provide insights into the relationship between COVID-19 and thrombotic complications.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on COVID-19 and thrombotic events.
- Analysis of coagulation parameters in COVID-19 patients.
- Discussion of prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for VTE prevention and management.
Main Results:
- COVID-19 significantly impacts coagulation, increasing thrombotic risk.
- Specific coagulation markers correlate with disease severity and prognosis.
- Prophylactic anticoagulation and mechanical devices are key in VTE prevention.
Conclusions:
- Effective prevention and management of thrombotic events are vital for reducing morbidity and mortality in COVID-19.
- Further research is needed to optimize therapies for COVID-19-associated thrombosis.
- A focused approach to VTE can mitigate the burden of thrombotic diseases in this pandemic.
Abstract:
The novel coronavirus disease, 2019 (COVID - 19) evolved as an unprecedented pandemic. The severe acute respiratory syndrome-corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been associated with significantly deranged coagulation parameters and increased incidence of thrombotic events. Deranged coagulation parameters, such as D-dimers and fibrin degradation products, can indicate a poor prognosis, and their measurement will help stratify the patients according to the disease severity, need of intensive care unit admission, and prediction of the clinical course. Gaps in understanding the natural history of the disease cause difficulties in tailoring therapies and optimizing the management of patients. Lack of specific treatment further complicates this situation. While thrombotic events can cause significant morbidity and mortality in patients, a focused approach to the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) can, to a great extent, decrease the disease burden caused by thrombotic diseases. Pharmacological prophylactic anticoagulants and mechanical therapies such as pneumatic compression devices can help prevent venous thromboembolism and other thrombotic events. Thrombotic events due to COVID-19, their prevention and management, are the focus of this paper, with the prospect of providing insights into this relatively unexplored area.
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