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Ethnicity and clinical outcomes in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Shirley Sze1, Daniel Pan2,3, Clareece R Nevill4

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, United Kingdom.

Eclinicalmedicine
|November 17, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Black and Asian individuals face higher COVID-19 infection risks than White individuals. These ethnic minority groups may also experience increased intensive therapy unit admissions and mortality from Coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Ethnic minority groups disproportionately impacted by Coronavirus disease (COVID-19).
  • Systematic review and meta-analysis conducted to examine ethnicity and COVID-19 clinical outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the relationship between ethnicity and clinical outcomes in COVID-19.
  • To quantify the risk of infection, intensive therapy unit (ITU) admission, and death among different ethnic groups.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting COVID-19 data disaggregated by ethnicity.
  • Searched multiple databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PROSPERO, Cochrane library, MedRxiv) up to August 31, 2020.
  • Included 50 studies with 18,728,893 patients; 26 were peer-reviewed.

Main Results:

  • Black and Asian individuals exhibited a higher risk of COVID-19 infection compared to White individuals (pooled adjusted RR for Black: 2.02, Asian: 1.50).
  • Findings were consistent in sensitivity analyses of peer-reviewed studies.
  • Asian ethnicity associated with potentially higher risk of ITU admission (RR 1.97) and death (RR/HR 1.22).

Conclusions:

  • Individuals of Black and Asian ethnicity are at increased risk of COVID-19 infection.
  • Asian individuals may face higher risks for ITU admission and mortality.
  • Findings highlight critical public health needs for targeted interventions to reduce COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in ethnic minorities.
Abstract

Keywords:
AsianCOVID-19 BlackHispanicITU admissionSARS-CoV-2deathdisporportionateethnicethnicityinfectionoutcomeracetransmission

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