Unpredictable recombination of PB transposon in Silkworm: a potential risk

The piggyBac (PB) transposon is the most widely used vector for generating transgenic silkworms. The stability of the PB transposon in the receptor is a serious concern that requires attention because of biosafety concerns. In this study, we found that the transgene silkworm developed loss of reporter gene traits. To further investigate the regularity, we traced the genes and traits of this silkworm. After successful alteration of the silkworm genome with the MASP1 gene (named red-eyed silkworm; RES), silkworm individuals with lost reporter genes were found after long-term transgenerational breeding and were designated as the white-eyed silkworm (WES). PCR amplification indicated that exogenous genes had been lost in the WES. Testing was conducted on the PB transposons, and the left arm (L arm) did not exist; however, the right arm (R arm) was preserved. Amino acid analysis showed that the amino acid content of the WES changed versus the common silkworm and RES. These results indicate that the migration of PB transposons in Bombyx mori does occur and is unpredictable. This is because the silkworm genome contains multiple PB-like sequences that might influence the genetic stability of transgenic lines. When using PB transposons as a transgene vector, it is necessary to fully evaluate and take necessary measures to prevent its re-migration in the recipient organism. Further experiments are needed if we want to clarify the regularity of the retransposition phenomenon and the direct and clear association with similar sequences of transposons.