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High-Resolution Cardiac Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography for Small Animals
Published on: December 16, 2022
Next-Generation Hardware Advances in CT: Cardiac Applications.
Alan C Kwan1, Amir Pourmorteza1, Dan Stutman1
1From the Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 S San Vicente Blvd, AHSP, Suite A3600, Los Angeles, CA 90048-0750 (A.C.K.); Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (A.P.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (A.P.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology-Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (A.P.); Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (D.S.); Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania (D.S.); Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (D.A.B.); and Department of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Md (J.A.C.L.).
Major hardware advancements in cardiac computed tomography (CT) include ultra-high-resolution, photon-counting, and phase-contrast CT. These innovations promise improved cardiovascular imaging of moving structures, though each has unique benefits and considerations.
Area of Science:
- Medical Imaging
- Cardiovascular Technology
- Computed Tomography
Background:
- Cardiac CT demands high temporal, spatial, and soft-tissue resolution for imaging moving structures.
- Existing CT technologies face limitations in visualizing intricate cardiac anatomy and pathologies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review impending hardware advancements in cardiac CT.
- To highlight the strengths and relevance of ultra-high-resolution (UHR) CT, photon-counting CT, and phase-contrast CT for cardiovascular imaging.
Main Methods:
- Review of emerging CT hardware technologies.
- Analysis of technical specifications and potential applications in cardiac CT.
Main Results:
- Ultra-high-resolution (UHR) CT enhances visualization of calcified and stented vessels, potentially increasing noise and radiation.
- Photon-counting CT offers artifact reduction, improved contrast resolution, and material decomposition using multiple photon energies.
- Phase-contrast CT leverages X-ray refraction for superior spatial and soft-tissue contrast.
Conclusions:
- These advanced CT hardware technologies represent significant progress in cardiovascular imaging.
- Each technology offers distinct advantages for specific cardiac CT applications, addressing current limitations.
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