Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 30, 2025
Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Polyfunctionality and Heterogeneity in Immune Responses
Published on: March 8, 2024
Characteristics of pediatric multi-system inflammatory syndrome (PMIS) associated with COVID-19: a meta-analysis and
Hua Zou1, Juan Lu2, Jingjing Liu3
1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, 120 Longshan road, Yubei District, Chongqing 400016, China.
Objectives:
There was an outbreak of pediatric multisystem inflammation syndrome (PMIS) was observed in multiple countries recently, and this syndrome was suspected to be associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. At present, there is still no standardized diagnostic criteria and treatment regimen for PMIS, while the etiology and pathogenesis still remain unclear.
Methods:
We performed a systematic review on PubMed and Embase from the time of inception to June 24th 2020 in order to find relevant cases.
Results:
There are seven studies included, and 80% of patients suffered persistent fever and 90% appeared gastrointestinal symptoms. IgG antibody against SARS-CoV-2 was positive on 81% of patients, while 37% of the patients were nucleic acid positive. C-reactive protein, IL-6 and PCT were elevated and intravenous immunoglobulin was a routine treatment for PMIS. There were more than half of patients required inotropic supports and mechanical ventilation were applied to 33% of patients. The median length of hospital stay was 10.66 days and 74% had admitted to accept intensive care.
Conclusions:
Our study documented three common types of PMIS clinical presentation: persistent fever and gastrointestinal symptoms, shocked with heart dysfunction and Kawasaki disease-like syndrome. PMIS patients proved with a marked inflammatory state were possibly associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Insights
Pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome (PMIS) linked to SARS-CoV-2 presents with fever and GI symptoms. Treatment involves immunoglobulin, with many patients needing intensive care and cardiac support.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Virology
- Immunology
Background:
- An outbreak of pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome (PMIS) has been observed globally, with suspected links to SARS-CoV-2.
- Current understanding of PMIS lacks standardized diagnostic criteria, treatment protocols, and clear etiological insights.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and synthesize existing literature on pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome (PMIS) potentially associated with SARS-CoV-2.
- To identify common clinical presentations, diagnostic findings, and management strategies for PMIS.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed and Embase up to June 24th, 2020.
- Seven relevant studies encompassing pediatric cases of PMIS were included in the review.
Main Results:
- Common symptoms include persistent fever (80%) and gastrointestinal issues (90%).
- Elevated inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6, PCT) were noted; SARS-CoV-2 IgG was positive in 81% and nucleic acid in 37%.
- Intravenous immunoglobulin was a common treatment; over half required inotropic support, and 33% needed mechanical ventilation, with a median hospital stay of 10.66 days.
Conclusions:
- PMIS exhibits distinct clinical patterns: persistent fever/GI symptoms, shock with cardiac dysfunction, and Kawasaki disease-like presentations.
- A significant inflammatory state in PMIS patients suggests a strong association with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
More Related Videos
10:21Author Spotlight: Exploring the Role of Inflammation in the Co-occurrence of Primary Sjogren's Syndrome and Lung Adenocarcinoma
Published on: September 20, 2024
12:21A Mouse Model for the Transition of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Colonizer to Pathogen upon Viral Co-Infection Recapitulates Age-Exacerbated Illness
Published on: September 28, 2022
Related Concept Videos
01:20COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
01:29Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology
01:23Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis
CF is primarily caused by a genetic mutation in a chromosome 7 gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most common gene mutation leading to CF is the ΔF508 mutation,...
01:20Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology
Chronic Inflammation
01:30Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis
There are various classifications for PH, each relating to different underlying causes and also...
01:20Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.