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Updated: Nov 30, 2025
A Syngeneic Mouse Model of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma for Quantitative and Longitudinal Assessment of Preclinical Therapies
Published on: April 12, 2017
Biomarker Development for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Omics, Antigens, T-cells, and Beyond
Benjamin Miron1, David Xu1, Matthew Zibelman1
1Department of Hematology/Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
Abstract:
The treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma has evolved quickly over the last few years from a disease managed primarily with sequential oral tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway, to now with a combination of therapies incorporating immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Patient outcomes have improved with these innovations, however, controversy persists regarding optimal sequence and patient selection amongst the available combinations. Ideally, predictive biomarkers would aid in guiding treatment decisions and personalizing care. However, clinically-actionable biomarkers have remained elusive. We aim to review the available evidence regarding biomarkers for both TKIs and ICB and will present where the field may be headed in the years to come.
Insights
Metastatic renal cell carcinoma treatment now combines tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Research is needed for biomarkers to guide optimal sequencing and personalize patient care.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treatment has shifted from sequential tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) to combination therapies including immune checkpoint blockade (ICB).
- While patient outcomes have improved, optimal treatment sequencing and patient selection remain challenging.
- Clinically actionable biomarkers to guide these decisions are currently lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review existing evidence on biomarkers for TKIs and ICB in mRCC.
- To explore future directions for biomarker development in personalized mRCC treatment.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on biomarkers for TKIs and ICB in metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
- Analysis of current evidence and trends in biomarker research.
Main Results:
- Current biomarkers for TKIs and ICB in mRCC are not yet clinically actionable.
- Significant unmet need exists for predictive biomarkers to personalize treatment strategies.
Conclusions:
- Biomarker discovery is crucial for optimizing TKI and ICB combinations in mRCC.
- Future research should focus on developing and validating predictive biomarkers for improved patient selection and outcomes.
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