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Neuro-rehabilitation Approach for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
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Association between SSNHL and Thyroid Diseases.

So Young Kim1, Young Shin Song2, Jee Hye Wee3

  • 1CHA Bundang Medical Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Korea.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|November 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Thyroid conditions like goiter and hypothyroidism are linked to a higher risk of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). This study found a significant association, particularly in lower-income groups, highlighting thyroid health

Keywords:
case-control studiescohort Studieshearing losshyperthyroidismsudden

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The relationship between thyroid disorders and sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) remains under-explored.
  • Thyroid diseases, including goiter, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, and hyperthyroidism, are prevalent conditions.
  • Understanding potential links can inform preventative strategies and patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between specific thyroid diseases (goiter, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, hyperthyroidism) and the incidence of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL).
  • To identify risk factors for SSNHL within the context of thyroid dysfunction.
  • To examine subgroup variations in these associations based on demographic factors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort.
  • Matched 8,658 SSNHL patients with 34,632 controls based on age, sex, and region.
  • Employed conditional logistic regression analyses, adjusting for Levothyroxine medication, and conducted subgroup analyses.

Main Results:

  • SSNHL patients exhibited significantly higher rates of goiter (4.4% vs. 3.7%) and hypothyroidism (4.0% vs. 3.2%) compared to controls.
  • Goiter (adjusted OR=1.14) and hypothyroidism (adjusted OR=1.17) were independently associated with an increased risk of SSNHL.
  • Associations were more pronounced in lower-income subgroups, indicating potential socioeconomic disparities.

Conclusions:

  • Goiter and hypothyroidism are significantly associated with an increased risk of developing sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL).
  • These findings suggest a need for increased awareness of thyroid health in patients presenting with SSNHL.
  • Further research into the underlying mechanisms and targeted interventions for at-risk populations is warranted.