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Cholelithiasis in an infant with polycythemia.

J S Tay¹, S L Werlin

¹Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201.

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition

|March 1, 1987

Summary

Polycythemia in infants can lead to gallstones (cholelithiasis) and jaundice (cholestasis). This study suggests polycythemia may be a newly identified cause of gallstones in infants.

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Area of Science:

Pediatric Gastroenterology
Neonatology
Hematology

Background:

Polycythemia, a condition of elevated red blood cells, is uncommon in infants.
Cholelithiasis (gallstones) and cholestasis (impaired bile flow) can occur in neonates but have diverse etiologies.

Observation:

An 11-week-old infant presented with symptoms of cholestasis.
Diagnostic workup revealed cholelithiasis as the cause of cholestasis.
The infant was also diagnosed with polycythemia.

Findings:

Hemolysis, a consequence of polycythemia, is hypothesized to have predisposed the infant to developing gallstones.
This case suggests a potential causal link between polycythemia and infantile cholelithiasis.

Implications:

Polycythemia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of infants presenting with cholelithiasis and cholestasis.
This finding may expand the known causes of gallstones in the pediatric population.
Further research is warranted to confirm polycythemia as a risk factor for infantile cholelithiasis.

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