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The Use of Traditional Fear Tests to Evaluate Different Emotional Circuits in Cattle
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Emotion in animal contests.

Andrew Crump1,2, Emily J Bethell3, Ryan Earley4

  • 1Centre for Philosophy of Natural and Social Science, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK.

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|November 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Animal emotions guide contest decisions, influencing behavior through appraisals and moods. This study highlights how both relevant and irrelevant emotional events impact animal decision-making and behavior.

Keywords:
affective stateassessmentcognitionresource valueresource-holding potentialwinner/loser effects

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Area of Science:

  • Ethology
  • Animal Behavior
  • Cognitive Ecology

Background:

  • Emotions are cognitive and behavioral responses to reward and punishment.
  • Contests serve as a model to understand animal decision-making and behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose that short-term emotions underpin animals' assessments, decision-making, and behavior in contests.
  • To explore how recent contest outcomes influence long-term moods and subsequent behavior.
  • To distinguish between integral and incidental emotions and moods.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing contests as a case study.
  • Equating contest assessments to emotional appraisals.
  • Analyzing the influence of affective states on contest dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Contestants appraise resource value, outcome probability, and other factors.
  • Appraisals elicit cognition, drive, and neurophysiology governing aggressive behavior.
  • Incidental events, not just integral ones, influence contest dynamics and can lead to maladaptive decisions.

Conclusions:

  • A holistic ethology incorporating emotions and moods is crucial for understanding animal cognition and behavior.
  • Affective states can cross contexts, impacting decision-making beyond the immediate situation.
  • Incidental emotions and moods play a significant role in shaping animal contest behavior.