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Restricted Water Intake and Hydration with Fructose-Containing Beverages during Infancy Predispose to Aggravate an

Fernando E García-Arroyo1, H Emmanuel Pérez-Estévez1,2, Edilia Tapia1

  • 1Department of Cardio-Renal Physiopathology, INC Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.

Biomed Research International
|November 18, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Chronic fluid restriction and sweetened beverage intake in young rats worsen kidney outcomes, particularly after acute kidney injury (AKI). Early hydration habits significantly impact later renal health.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Renal Physiology

Background:

  • Early life hydration habits can influence long-term kidney health.
  • Sweetened beverage consumption is prevalent among children and adolescents.
  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious condition with significant morbidity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the long-term effects of chronic fluid restriction and sweetened beverage (SB) hydration on kidney function.
  • To determine how these early life factors influence outcomes following an acute kidney injury (AKI) event induced by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R).

Main Methods:

  • Five groups of weaning rats were studied: control, fluid restriction with water, fluid restriction with SB, ad libitum SB, and increased water via gel diet.
  • Rats were subjected to I/R-induced AKI during adolescence.
  • Renal function, creatinine clearance, and kidney tissue damage were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Fluid restriction and/or SB hydration led to mild renal alterations.
  • These alterations were significantly worsened in the group restricted from water and hydrated with SB (-SB group).
  • The -SB group exhibited a catastrophic fall in creatinine clearance and diffuse acute tubular necrosis after I/R-induced AKI.

Conclusions:

  • Low tap water intake and SB consumption during development negatively impact kidney outcomes later in life, especially after AKI.
  • Combined insults of poor hydration and SB intake exacerbate kidney damage.
  • Further studies on children's hydration habits are recommended to understand potential long-term renal health risks.

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