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When in group settings, we are often influenced by the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors around us. Groupthink is another phenomenon of conformity where modification of the opinions of members in a group aligns with what they believe is the group consensus (Janis, 1972). In such situations, the group often takes action that individuals would not perform outside the group setting because groups make more extreme decisions than individuals do. Moreover, groupthink can hinder opposing trains of...
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People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about...
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When we hold a stereotype about a person, we have expectations that he or she will fulfill that stereotype. A self-fulfilling prophecy is an expectation held by a person that alters his or her behavior in a way that tends to make it true. When we hold stereotypes about a person, we tend to treat the person according to our expectations. This treatment can influence the person to act according to our stereotypic expectations, thus confirming our stereotypic beliefs. Research by Rosenthal and...
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According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
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According to George Herbert Mead, as children progress beyond the game stage, they develop a more comprehensive understanding of societal rules and norms. This cognitive and social development enables them to internalize the expectations of the broader community, refining their ability to regulate behavior.Consistent participation in organized activities is crucial in helping children recognize that their actions are not isolated but contribute to a more significant, interconnected group...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 29, 2025

The Social Dimension of Stress: Experimental Manipulations of Social Support and Social Identity in the Trier Social Stress Test
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Small-Group Discussion Sessions on Imposter Syndrome.

Natalie Baumann1, Carol Faulk2, Jessica Vanderlan3

  • 1Resident Physician, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis.

Mededportal : the Journal of Teaching and Learning Resources
|November 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Discussing imposter syndrome in residency programs can improve resident well-being and resilience. This intervention helped residents recognize imposter syndrome and its next steps, promoting wellness.

Keywords:
BurnoutImpostor PhenomenonImpostor SyndromeResidencySelf-Regulated LearningWell-Being/Mental HealthWellness

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Residency programs must support resident well-being through established policies.
  • Imposter syndrome is linked to burnout in residents, impacting their resilience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effectiveness of a facilitator-guided discussion session on imposter syndrome for internal medicine residents.
  • To improve residents' recognition of and response to imposter syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted interactive, facilitator-guided discussion sessions on imposter syndrome for internal medicine residents.
  • Sessions were led by psychologists or chief residents, with optional attending physician involvement.
  • Post-session surveys assessed learning objectives and perceived effectiveness for resident wellness.

Main Results:

  • Ninety-six percent of 21 participating residents could recognize imposter syndrome in themselves.
  • Sixty-two percent of residents knew the appropriate next steps after identifying imposter syndrome.
  • Eighty-one percent of residents found the session an effective intervention for promoting wellness.

Conclusions:

  • Addressing imposter syndrome through discussion is an effective intervention for resident wellness and resiliency.
  • Residency programs should consider incorporating imposter syndrome discussions into their wellness initiatives.