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Microbial invasions in sludge anaerobic digesters.

Nuria Fernandez-Gonzalez1,2, G H R Braz3,4, L Regueiro5

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, CRETUS Institute, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. nuria.fer.gonzalez@gmail.com.

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Summary

Microbial invasions in anaerobic digestion are important for process management, but few invaders successfully establish in digesters. Further research is needed to understand invasion dynamics and impacts.

Keywords:
Activated sludgeAnaerobic digestionCommunity assembly processManagementMicrobial invasionsMunicipal wastewater treatment plant

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Area of Science:

  • Microbial Ecology
  • Environmental Microbiology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Microbial community assembly is crucial for anaerobic digestion (AD) stability and efficiency.
  • Microbial invasions, particularly in AD, are understudied despite their potential impact on process management.
  • Understanding invasion dynamics is key for developing predictive models and effective AD strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the significance of microbial invasions in AD management.
  • To explore ecological theories of microbial invasions in the context of AD.
  • To assess the current knowledge on the success and impacts of microbial invasions in AD systems.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing ecological theories and AD-specific invasion data.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on activated sludge microorganisms invading anaerobic digesters.
  • Discussion of research gaps and future directions in microbial invasion studies for AD.

Main Results:

  • Most studies focus on invasions from municipal activated sludge into AD systems.
  • The success rate of microbial invasions in AD from activated sludge is currently low.
  • Infiltrating organisms are often inactive residuals, with a small fraction establishing in anaerobic environments.

Conclusions:

  • Microbial invasions play a role in AD management and microbial safety, particularly concerning pathogens.
  • Current data suggest limited successful invasions from activated sludge, with most invaders being inactive.
  • Further research is required to investigate invasions from diverse feedstocks and under various operational conditions.