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Diabetic neuropathy in children and youth: New and emerging risk factors

Gulcin Akinci1, Masha G Savelieff1, Gary Gallagher1

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

Pediatric Diabetes
|November 18, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Diabetic neuropathy is increasing in children due to type 1 and type 2 diabetes, alongside obesity. More research is needed for prevention and management strategies in youth.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Diabetic neuropathy is a known complication in youth with type 1 diabetes.
  • Rising rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes are expected to increase pediatric neuropathy incidence.
  • Pathogenic insights and management strategies for pediatric diabetes-related neuropathy remain limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current knowledge on neuropathy in children and youth with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
  • To emphasize prevalence, clinical presentation, diagnostic approaches, and risk factors.
  • To highlight current management strategies and recommendations.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of adult studies and available youth cohort data.
  • Synthesis of current understanding of diagnostic, management, and preventative measures.
  • Emphasis on prevalence, clinical presentation, diagnostics, risk factors, and management.

Main Results:

  • Neuropathy is a significant complication in youth with diabetes, exacerbated by obesity.
  • Understanding is evolving from adult and youth studies regarding presentation and risk factors.
  • Current management strategies and recommendations are being established.

Conclusions:

  • Addressing the rising incidence of neuropathy in youth with diabetes and obesity requires identifying modifiable risk factors.
  • Randomized controlled trials are crucial to evaluate interventions like weight loss and exercise.
  • Enhanced awareness and early detection are vital for prevention and management.

Keywords:
childrendiabetes complicationsneuropathyrisk factorsyouth

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