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Related Concept Videos

Cranial Nerves: Types Part II01:22

Cranial Nerves: Types Part II

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Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves. While the first six innervate the head and neck, the latter six nerves innervate the head and neck, as well as organs and tissues in the thoracic and abdominal cavities. They facilitate communication, expression, and autonomic control within the human body.
Facial Nerve (Cranial Nerve VII)
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Cranial Nerves: Types Part I01:14

Cranial Nerves: Types Part I

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Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves, with the first six being essential in sensory perception, motor control, and autonomic functions related to the head and neck.
Olfactory Nerve (Cranial Nerve I)
The olfactory nerve, or cranial nerve I, is unique as it is purely sensory and dedicated to the sense of smell. This nerve originates in the olfactory epithelium of the...
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Cranial Nerves: Overview and Anatomy01:19

Cranial Nerves: Overview and Anatomy

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The cranial nerves are an important part of the complex network of nerves in the human body. These nerves emerge directly from the brain and are responsible for transmitting essential information between the brain and various parts of the head and neck. There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves, systematically numbered using Roman numerals from I to XII, beginning from the anterior and moving to the posterior of the brain. Each cranial nerve is uniquely identified by names that reflect its function...
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Spinal Nerves: Plexus I01:22

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Nerve plexuses are networks of interlacing nerves that serve as communication hubs to distribute and organize nerve action across various body regions. The nerve plexuses are organized into the cervical plexus located in the neck region, brachial plexus in the shoulder area, lumbar plexus found in the lower back, sacral plexus situated in the pelvis, and coccygeal plexus located in the coccygeal region.
The Cervical Plexus
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The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

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The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
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Muscles that Move the Head01:19

Muscles that Move the Head

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The muscles that move the head are a dynamic and complex group of structures that work together to facilitate a wide range of head movements, including rotation, flexion, extension, and lateral bending.
The bilateral sternocleidomastoid, or SCM, and the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles are significant head flexors. The SCM muscles originate at the sternum and clavicle and attach to the mastoid process of the temporal bone. The SCM contracts bilaterally to bend the head forward, whereas...
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Upper Cervical Nerves Can Induce Tinnitus.

Henk M Koning

    The International Tinnitus Journal
    |November 18, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Therapy targeting the third and fourth cervical nerves reduced tinnitus in 19% of patients. This somatic approach offers potential relief for tinnitus sufferers, particularly those with specific cervical spine indicators.

    Keywords:
    Tinnituscervical spinecochlear nucleuscuneate nucleusfourth cervical nervehearing lossnerve root infiltrationthird cervical nerve

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Otolaryngology
    • Spine Surgery

    Background:

    • Cervical spine disorders are increasingly recognized as a potential contributing factor to tinnitus.
    • Interventions targeting the cervical spine may offer a novel therapeutic avenue for tinnitus management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy of therapeutic infiltration of the third and fourth cervical nerves in alleviating tinnitus.
    • To identify predictors of long-term tinnitus relief following this intervention.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of clinical data from 37 tinnitus patients treated with third and fourth cervical nerve infiltration.
    • Independent telephone interviews were conducted to assess long-term therapeutic effects.

    Main Results:

    • Nineteen percent of patients reported a reduction in tinnitus following the procedure.
    • A moderate reduction (25-50%) in tinnitus was observed in most responders.
    • Positive effects persisted for a median of 3.8 months in successful cases.
    • Anterior spurs at the third cervical vertebra and hearing loss at 2 kHz were associated with better treatment outcomes.

    Conclusions:

    • Therapy targeting the third and fourth cervical nerves can lead to tinnitus reduction.
    • Patient selection is crucial for optimizing outcomes; those with specific cervical spine and audiometric findings may benefit most.
    • Further research is warranted to explore the role of somatic interventions in tinnitus management.