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Freshwater diatom biomonitoring through benthic kick-net metabarcoding.

Victoria Carley Maitland1, Chloe Victoria Robinson1, Teresita M Porter1

  • 1Centre for Biodiversity Genomics & Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.

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The benthic kick-net technique effectively samples diatoms for DNA metabarcoding, matching traditional methods. This streamlines ecological biomonitoring by allowing simultaneous collection of diatoms and macroinvertebrates.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Ecology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Biomonitoring assesses ecological health and guides management.
  • DNA metabarcoding enhances macroinvertebrate biomonitoring but needs optimization for other taxa.
  • Diatoms are key freshwater bioindicators, but current sampling is labor-intensive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the benthic kick-net technique for bulk-sampling diatoms for DNA metabarcoding.
  • To compare diatom community data from kick-net sampling with conventional multi-substrate periphyton collection.
  • To determine if kick-net sampling is suitable for ecological biomonitoring of diatoms.

Main Methods:

  • Collected parallel samples using conventional multi-substrate periphyton and kick-net methods.
  • Utilized DNA metabarcoding for diatom community analysis.
  • Compared community assemblages between sampling methods and habitat statuses (good/fair).

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in community assemblages between periphyton and kick-net methods.
  • No significant difference in community assemblages based on site status (good/fair).
  • Significant differences in diatom communities were detected between sites (P = 0.042).

Conclusions:

  • DNA metabarcoding of kick-net samples provides suitable diatom taxonomic coverage for biomonitoring.
  • The kick-net technique offers a more efficient, robust sampling approach for diatoms.
  • This method allows for simultaneous collection of diatoms and macroinvertebrates, improving biomonitoring program efficiency.