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Multidrug-resistant high-risk Enterococcus faecium clones: can we really define them?

Ana R Freitas¹, Ana P Pereira¹, Carla Novais¹

¹UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

|November 18, 2020

Summary

Enterococcus faecium, a pathogen found in humans and animals, has adapted to healthcare settings by acquiring resistance and virulence genes. Its spread in non-human hosts remains largely unknown and requires further investigation.

Keywords:

Clade A1 Enterococcus faecium Genetic capitalism High-risk clones Hospital-associated clones WGS strain typing

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Published on: September 5, 2013

Area of Science:

Microbiology
Infectious Diseases
Genomics

Background:

Enterococcus faecium is an opportunistic pathogen with a wide host range, affecting humans, animals, and wildlife.
Specialized E. faecium subpopulations have adapted to healthcare environments, acquiring antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes.
The role of non-human hosts in the dispersal of these high-risk E. faecium clones is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the historical context of high-risk Enterococcus faecium clones globally.
To discuss the evolutionary genetic advancements in understanding E. faecium.
To explore the relevance of E. faecium dispersal in non-human hosts.

Main Methods:

Literature review of Enterococcus faecium research.
Analysis of historical data on high-risk clones.
Discussion of advancements in strain typing technologies.

Main Results:

Identification of specialized E. faecium subpopulations adapted to healthcare.
Recognition of the acquisition of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes.
Highlighting the unknown significance of E. faecium dispersal in community reservoirs.

Conclusions:

Enterococcus faecium poses a significant threat in healthcare settings due to acquired resistance and virulence.
Further research is needed to understand the ecological role and dispersal of E. faecium in non-human hosts.
Advances in strain typing have significantly improved our understanding of E. faecium's genetic evolution.