Fenton-based technologies as efficient advanced oxidation processes for microcystin-LR degradation.

Area of Science:

• Environmental Chemistry
• Water Treatment Technologies
• Oxidation Processes

Background:

• Cyanobacterial blooms pose ecological and safety risks due to toxins like microcystin-LR (MC-LR).
• Conventional methods struggle with complete MC-LR degradation.
• Fenton-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) show high efficiency in degrading MC-LR.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive overview of Fenton-based technologies for MC-LR degradation.
• To compare the advantages and disadvantages of various Fenton-based methods.
• To analyze degradation pathways, intermediates, and influencing factors.

Main Methods:

• Review of recent achievements in conventional Fenton, photo-Fenton, electro-Fenton, ozone-Fenton, and sono-Fenton processes.
• Analysis of degradation intermediates and pathways.
• Summarization of the effects of influencing factors (initial concentration, catalyst/oxidant dosage, alkalinity, NOMs, inorganic ions).

Main Results:

• Hydroxylation and destruction of the Adda chain are essential for MC-LR detoxification.
• Fenton-based AOPs demonstrate significant potential for MC-LR removal.
• Understanding influencing factors is crucial for optimizing degradation efficiency.

Conclusions:

• Fenton-based AOPs are effective for MC-LR degradation, with specific pathways identified for detoxification.
• Optimization trends and challenges for applying Fenton technologies to MC-LR are highlighted.
• Future opportunities exist for advancing Fenton-based water treatment for cyanotoxin removal.