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Related Concept Videos

Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Infertility in Males01:23

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Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
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Infertility in Females01:28

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Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

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In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

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In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
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Teratogenicity01:07

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The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
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Updated: Nov 29, 2025

Z-Scores for Assessing Ovarian Reserve in Young Patients Undergoing Fertility Preservation
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Pediatric oncofertility: an update.

Glen A Lau1, Anthony J Schaeffer1

  • 1Division of Urology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.

Translational Andrology and Urology
|November 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fertility preservation for pediatric cancer patients is advancing, focusing on experimental gonadal tissue cryopreservation and program implementation. Recent outcomes data from established programs are also discussed.

Keywords:
Pediatriccancerfertilityoncofertilitypreservation

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Fertility preservation (FP) is crucial for pediatric cancer patients.
  • The field of pediatric oncofertility is rapidly evolving.
  • Ethical and practical considerations surround FP in young patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent scientific advances in pediatric oncofertility.
  • To highlight progress in establishing pediatric oncofertility programs.
  • To discuss barriers and outcomes related to FP in pediatric cancer patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent scientific advances.
  • Analysis of pediatric oncofertility program implementation and barriers.
  • Review of outcomes data from established programs.

Main Results:

  • Research in gonadal tissue cryopreservation for prepubertal patients is ongoing and experimental.
  • Advances in the implementation of formal pediatric oncofertility programs are noted.
  • Barriers to delivering FP services in this population are identified.
  • Recent outcomes data from established programs are presented.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric oncofertility is a dynamic field with ongoing research and program development.
  • Addressing barriers is key to improving FP access for pediatric cancer patients.
  • Outcomes data are essential for refining FP strategies in pediatric oncology.