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A Study on New IAP 2015 Growth References in Rural South Indian Children.

Vandana Kuniyedath Chalil1, Hemchand Krishna Prasad2, S A Mohamed Abdul Nassir3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Mehta Multispeciality Hospitals India Pvt Ltd, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|November 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary

The new Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) 2015 growth charts effectively identify undernutrition and overweight in rural South Indian children. These updated references also improve the detection of abnormal cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents.

Keywords:
Cardio metabolic riskPan Indian IAP 2015 growth referenceRural Tamil Nadu

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Public Health Nutrition
  • Growth Monitoring

Background:

  • Childhood malnutrition, encompassing both undernutrition and overweight, remains a significant public health concern globally.
  • Accurate growth monitoring tools are essential for early identification and intervention.
  • The Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) introduced new growth references in 2015 to better reflect the Indian child population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of the new pan-Indian 2015 IAP growth references.
  • To assess the ability of the new IAP charts to identify children with abnormal cardiometabolic risk factors.
  • To determine the utility of these references in rural South Indian children aged 10 to 16 years.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study conducted in rural Tamil Nadu (Vellore and Erode) involving 420 children aged 10-16 years.
  • Anthropometric measurements (height, weight, waist circumference) and cardiometabolic risk indicators (blood pressure, skin-fold thickness, body fat percentage) were collected.
  • Data analyzed using IAP 2015 references and compared with old IAP charts and World Health Organization (WHO) references.

Main Results:

  • The new IAP 2015 references identified a higher prevalence of short stature (4.2% vs. 3%), wasting (11% vs. 1.5%), and overweight (14.2% vs. 13.2%) compared to old IAP charts.
  • New IAP charts demonstrated superior detection rates for malnutrition (83.3%) compared to old IAP (50%) and WHO (83.3%).
  • The new IAP charts detected 70.3% of children with cardiometabolic risk associated with overnutrition, outperforming old IAP (57.4%) and WHO (51.8%).

Conclusions:

  • Significant prevalence of both undernutrition and overweight exists in the studied rural population.
  • The IAP 2015 references are valuable tools for diagnosing undernutrition and overweight in children.
  • These updated references are effective in identifying children with abnormal cardiometabolic risk factors.