[Key problems of nutritional support in patients with ischemic stroke and nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage]

The presented systematic literature review is focused on the main problems of nutritional support as a complex treatment of patients with ischemic stroke and non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage. Nutritional support is one of the main points of intensive care in patients with stroke with a neurological deficit. Conducting rational nutritional therapy in this category of patients requires taking into account the characteristics of both the main and concomitant pathologies, in particular diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular pathology. Deep analysis of recent data shows that a number of questions for assessing the severity of hypermetabolic syndrome and differentiated correction of protein and energy metabolic disorders in various clinical forms (ischemic, hemorrhagic) of cerebral stroke with or without comorbid pathology has not been studied enough and are waiting to be resolved. The search continues for new techniques and optimal algorithms for nutritional support with the subsequent development of appropriate clinical recommendations for use in this category of patients. Controversial issues remain regarding the timing of the start of nutritional support, protein and energy requirements, ways to control the adequacy and effectiveness of clinical nutrition.