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X-ray phase imaging reaching clinical uses.

Atsushi Momose1

  • 1Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.

Physica Medica : PM : an International Journal Devoted to the Applications of Physics to Medicine and Biology : Official Journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB)
|November 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

X-ray phase imaging offers enhanced soft tissue contrast over conventional radiography by utilizing X-ray refraction and scattering. This advanced technique is transitioning from synchrotrons to hospitals for diagnosing conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.

Keywords:
ArthritisChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseGratingInterferenceMammographyPhase contrastRefractionScattering

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Physics
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Conventional X-ray radiography struggles with soft tissue contrast.
  • X-ray phase imaging leverages X-ray refraction and scattering for improved contrast.
  • The technology has evolved from synchrotron facilities to hospital-based systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physical principles and methodologies of X-ray phase imaging.
  • To highlight the transition of X-ray phase imaging to clinical settings.
  • To present recent hospital-based instrumentation trials for specific diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of X-ray phase imaging principles (refraction, scattering).
  • Discussion of grating-based phase-imaging approaches.
  • Analysis of instrumentation for hospital applications.

Main Results:

  • X-ray phase imaging provides superior soft tissue visualization.
  • Grating-based methods enable clinical use with conventional X-ray tubes.
  • Successful trials in diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis and COPD are emerging.

Conclusions:

  • X-ray phase imaging is a promising advancement over conventional radiography for soft tissue observation.
  • The technology's expansion into hospitals signifies a major step towards clinical adoption.
  • Further development of hospital-based instrumentation is crucial for broader diagnostic applications.