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Spin depolarization induced by self-generated magnetic fields during cylindrical implosions.

Ronghao Hu1, Hao Zhou1, Zhihao Tao1

  • 1College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China; Key Laboratory of High Energy Density Physics and Technology, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China; and Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.

Physical Review. E
|November 20, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spin-polarized fuels for fusion face depolarization challenges during implosions. Hydrodynamic instabilities, particularly Rayleigh-Taylor and Richtmyer-Meshkov, disrupt nuclei polarization, with deuterium showing greater stability than tritium.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Fusion
  • Plasma Physics
  • Computational Physics

Background:

  • Spin-polarized fuels offer enhanced fusion cross sections for inertial confinement fusion (ICF).
  • A key challenge is maintaining nuclei polarization during ICF implosions for ignition.
  • Understanding spin dynamics in self-generated magnetic fields is crucial for polarized ICF.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the spin dynamics of polarized deuterium-tritium (D-T) fuels during cylindrical shell implosions.
  • To identify the primary causes of depolarization in spin-polarized D-T fuels.
  • To assess the stability of deuterium versus tritium polarization.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulations using generalized Ohm's laws and hydrodynamic equations to model magnetic field generation and evolution.
  • Particle-tracking method to solve spin precession equations for simulating spin dynamics.
  • Analysis of Rayleigh-Taylor and Richtmyer-Meshkov instabilities' impact on polarization.

Main Results:

  • Hydrodynamic instabilities, specifically Rayleigh-Taylor and Richtmyer-Meshkov, are the main drivers of depolarization.
  • Depolarization occurs near the hot-spot shell interface due to instabilities and within the hot spot from asymmetric shock fronts.
  • Deuterium polarization is more robust than tritium polarization due to differences in gyromagnetic ratios.
  • Low-mode perturbations cause greater depolarization in hot spots than high-mode perturbations; modes 16-32 are significant in multimode simulations.

Conclusions:

  • Spin-polarized D-T fuel polarization is significantly affected by hydrodynamic instabilities during implosion.
  • The stability of deuterium polarization offers a potential advantage over tritium for future fusion applications.
  • Mitigating hydrodynamic instabilities is essential for preserving nuclei polarization and achieving ignition in polarized ICF.