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Coagulation and fibrinolysis.

I M Nilsson1

  • 1Dept. of Coagulation Disorders, University of Lund, General Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.

Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. Supplement
|January 1, 1987
PubMed
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This review details the final stages of hemostasis: plasma coagulation forming fibrin clots and fibrinolysis dissolving them. It outlines the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of coagulation and the key components and inhibitors in both processes.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Hemostasis is crucial for preventing excessive bleeding.
  • Plasma coagulation and fibrinolysis are the final, critical phases of hemostasis.
  • Understanding these processes is vital for diagnosing and managing bleeding disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the final phases of the hemostatic process: plasma coagulation and fibrinolysis.
  • To describe the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of coagulation.
  • To identify key components and inhibitors involved in coagulation and fibrinolysis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of plasma coagulation and fibrinolysis.
  • Detailed examination of the intrinsic pathway phases and their components.
  • Identification of key enzymes, substrates, and inhibitors in both coagulation and fibrinolysis.

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Main Results:

  • Coagulation involves intrinsic (blood components only) and extrinsic (involving tissue components) pathways.
  • The intrinsic pathway is divided into three phases involving factors XII, XI, VIII, IX, X, V, prothrombin, thrombin, fibrinogen, and XIII, along with phospholipids and calcium.
  • Fibrinolysis involves plasminogen activation to plasmin, which degrades fibrin, with alpha 2-antiplasmin and tissue plasminogen activator inhibitors playing key roles.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma coagulation and fibrinolysis are complex, regulated processes essential for hemostasis.
  • Detailed knowledge of coagulation factors and fibrinolytic components aids in understanding coagulation disorders.
  • Inhibitors like Antithrombin III and alpha 2-antiplasmin are critical for regulating these pathways.