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Related Concept Videos

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Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
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Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 29, 2025

An Efficient Sieving Method to Isolate Intact Glomeruli from Adult Rat Kidney
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COVID-19-Associated Glomerular Disease.

Aneesha A Shetty1, Ibrahim Tawhari1, Luisa Safar-Boueri1

  • 1Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN
|November 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patients with COVID-19 and kidney injury often have high-risk APOL1 genotypes. This suggests APOL1 may play a role in collapsing glomerulopathy and podocyte injury in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection.

Keywords:
APOL1COVID-19collapsing glomerulopathy

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Genetics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can cause acute kidney injury (AKI) with high-grade proteinuria.
  • Collapsing glomerulopathy, a severe form of glomerular injury, has been observed in some patients with SARS-CoV-2 and is associated with other viruses like HIV.
  • Previous reports highlighted nephrotic-range proteinuria and AKI in patients of African ancestry early in the course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Observation:

  • This series identified six patients with COVID-19, AKI, and nephrotic-range proteinuria.
  • All six patients were of recent African ancestry and developed podocytopathy and/or collapsing glomerulopathy.
  • Patients generally had mild respiratory symptoms, not requiring ventilator support.

Findings:

  • Genetic analysis in three patients revealed high-risk APOL1 genotypes.
  • One patient with a high-risk APOL1 genotype developed collapsing glomerulopathy in a transplanted kidney from a donor with a low-risk genotype.
  • This finding challenges the model that intrinsic renal APOL1 expression is the sole driver of nephrotoxicity and podocyte injury.

Implications:

  • Proteinuria and AKI are significant kidney manifestations of COVID-19.
  • A high-risk APOL1 genotype may be associated with severe glomerular disease in COVID-19 patients.
  • Further research is needed to understand the complex interplay between APOL1, viral infections, and kidney injury.