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Tangential Flow Ultrafiltration: A “Green” Method for the Size Selection and Concentration of Colloidal Silver Nanoparticles

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Tuning Selectivities in Gas Separation Membranes Based on Polymer-Grafted Nanoparticles.

Connor R Bilchak¹, Mayank Jhalaria¹, Yucheng Huang²

¹Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States.

|November 20, 2020

Summary

Adding free polymer chains to polymer-grafted nanoparticle (GNP) membranes significantly enhances gas selectivity. This manipulation of free volume distribution offers a new pathway for advanced gas separation technologies.

Keywords:

free volume distributions gas separation membranes heterogeneous transport media improved selective transport mixed matrix membranes polymer-grafted nanoparticles

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Chemical Engineering
Nanotechnology

Background:

Polymer membranes are essential for gas mixture separations in sustainability applications.
Existing polymer-grafted nanoparticle (GNP) membranes offer improved permeability but limited selectivity.
There is a need to enhance selectivity and mechanical properties of membranes for gas separations.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effect of adding free polymer chains to GNP membranes.
To understand how free volume distribution influences gas transport properties.
To establish a method for favorably manipulating the selective gas transport in GNP membranes.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of polymer-grafted nanoparticle (GNP) membranes with varying amounts of added free polymer.
Characterization of membrane structure and free volume distribution.
Measurement of gas permeability and selectivity for different gas mixtures.

Main Results:

GNP membranes exhibit spatially heterogeneous transport due to free volume distribution.
Addition of free polymer chains can increase gas selectivity by up to two orders of magnitude.
Free chains comparable in length to grafts preferentially hinder larger gas transport, significantly boosting selectivity.

Conclusions:

Free polymer chains can be used to favorably manipulate the selective gas transport properties of GNP membranes.
The entropic effects associated with free chain addition are key to enhancing selectivity.
This approach offers a promising strategy for developing high-performance membranes for gas separations.