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Paneth Cell Alertness to Pathogens Maintained by Vitamin D Receptors
Rong Lu1, Yong-Guo Zhang1, Yinglin Xia1
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
Gastroenterology
|November 20, 2020
Summary
Vitamin D receptor (VDR) in Paneth cells is crucial for intestinal immunity. Its absence impairs antibacterial defenses, increasing inflammation and susceptibility to diseases like Crohn's.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Immunology
- Microbiology
Background:
- The vitamin D receptor (VDR) regulates mucosal immunity.
- Paneth cells influence gut microbiota, but the role of VDR in Paneth cells is unknown.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate the function of VDR in Paneth cells.
- Determine the impact of VDR deficiency in Paneth cells on intestinal immunity and inflammation.
Main Methods:
- Generated Paneth cell-specific VDR knockout (VDRΔPC) mice.
- Assessed bacterial inhibition, autophagy, and inflammatory responses in VDRΔPC mice.
- Utilized infection models (Salmonella) and drug-induced injury models (indomethacin, DSS colitis).
Main Results:
- VDRΔPC mice showed decreased lysozymes, impaired bacterial inhibition, and reduced autophagy.
- VDRΔPC mice exhibited increased inflammation and susceptibility to intestinal injury and colitis.
- Co-housing suggested transmission of protective bacteria.
Conclusions:
- VDR in Paneth cells is essential for antibacterial activity and host defense.
- VDR deficiency in Paneth cells compromises intestinal barrier function and promotes inflammation.
- VDR in Paneth cells may influence the development of inflammatory bowel diseases.
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