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Association of elevated inflammatory markers and severe COVID-19: A meta-analysis

Pan Ji1, Jieyun Zhu, Zhimei Zhong

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.

Medicine
|November 21, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Severe COVID-19 is linked to increased inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein and interleukin-6. Monitoring these markers may help predict disease progression in coronavirus disease 2019 patients.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a significant global health concern.
  • The role of inflammatory markers in predicting COVID-19 severity requires comprehensive assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically evaluate the association between severe COVID-19 and elevated inflammatory markers.
  • To synthesize evidence from existing studies through meta-analysis.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, CNKI, WanFang, CSTJ) for studies published between January 1 and April 21, 2020.
  • Data from 56 studies involving 8719 COVID-19 patients were meta-analyzed.
  • Three independent reviewers assessed study eligibility, extracted data, and evaluated publication bias.

Main Results:

  • Patients with severe COVID-19 exhibited significantly elevated levels of white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10 compared to those with mild disease.
  • COVID-19 patients who died showed markedly higher levels of white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and interleukin-6 than survivors.
  • Specific weighted mean differences (WMD) and confidence intervals (CI) were reported for each marker, indicating statistically significant elevations.

Conclusions:

  • Severe COVID-19 is strongly associated with heightened levels of key inflammatory markers.
  • The monitoring of these inflammatory markers may aid in the early identification and prediction of disease progression in COVID-19 patients.
  • This meta-analysis provides robust evidence supporting the link between inflammation and COVID-19 severity.

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