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Focal random selection closes the gender gap in competitiveness.

Joël Berger1, Margit Osterloh2,3, Katja Rost4

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Introducing random selection in competitions significantly boosts women's participation, nearly tripling their involvement and doubling high-ability women's entry. This method closes the gender gap in competitiveness without compromising qualifications.

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Economics
  • Gender Studies
  • Organizational Psychology

Background:

  • Gender disparities in competition entry contribute to the underrepresentation of women in leadership roles.
  • This disparity represents a significant loss of potential talent and human resources.
  • Understanding and mitigating these differences is crucial for achieving gender equity in professional settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether incorporating random elements into selection processes can reduce the gender gap in competitiveness.
  • To evaluate the impact of focal random selection on the participation rates of men and women in competitions.
  • To assess if focal random selection affects the qualification levels of competition entrants.

Main Methods:

  • An incentivized laboratory experiment was designed to compare competition entry behavior under different selection mechanisms.
  • Two conditions were compared: pure performance-based selection and focal random selection from a preselected pool.
  • Participant behavior, including willingness to compete and performance metrics, was recorded and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Focal random selection effectively eliminated the gender difference in competitiveness.
  • The percentage of women entering competitions increased nearly threefold compared to pure performance selection.
  • The participation of high-ability women doubled, while men's behavior remained largely unchanged.
  • The qualifications of entrants were not diluted by the introduction of random selection.

Conclusions:

  • Focal random selection is a viable strategy to close the gender gap in competition entry.
  • This method can substantially increase the pool of high-performing women available for top positions.
  • Addressing gender differences in competitiveness through innovative selection mechanisms is key to promoting women in leadership and optimizing talent utilization.