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Development and validation of a new vision screening test algorithm for public use mobile application- A pilot study.

A R Siti Nor Aishah1, A Mutalib2, H Asma1

  • 1Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Faculty of Medicine, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia.

The Medical Journal of Malaysia
|November 21, 2020
PubMed
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A new mobile app uses a simple E- E display for vision testing, showing high validity and reliability. This tool can empower non-medical individuals for convenient vision screening.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology and mobile health (mHealth) technology.
  • Development and validation of digital health tools for public health screening.

Background:

  • Vision impairment affects millions globally, necessitating accessible screening methods.
  • Current vision testing often requires specialized equipment and trained personnel, limiting community-based screening.
  • Mobile applications offer a potential solution for widespread and convenient vision assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and develop a user-friendly vision test algorithm for a mobile application.
  • To evaluate the validity and reliability of this mobile vision test through a pilot study.
  • To assess the feasibility of using the app for community-based vision screening.

Main Methods:

  • A mobile application was developed using a single letter E optotype for visual acuity testing.

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  • The app tested visual acuity at levels including 3/60, 6/60, 6/18, and 6/12.
  • Validity was assessed against the Snellen chart (gold standard), and inter-rater reliability was determined with five users.

    • Main Results:

    • The mobile vision test demonstrated high sensitivity, particularly at the 6/12 level (92.7% right eye, 86.8% left eye).
    • Specificity exceeded 89% for all tested vision levels in both eyes.
    • Inter-rater reliability was strong, with Krippendorff's alpha values of 0.87 and 0.83.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed mobile vision test algorithm exhibits significant validity and reliability.
    • The app is feasible for use by non-medical personnel for convenient, anytime, anywhere vision screening.
    • This mHealth tool can enhance public awareness and self-assessment of visual status.