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Development and validation of a new vision screening test algorithm for public use mobile application- A pilot study.

A R Siti Nor Aishah¹, A Mutalib², H Asma¹

¹Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Faculty of Medicine, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia.

The Medical Journal of Malaysia

|November 21, 2020

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A new mobile app uses a simple E- E display for vision testing, showing high validity and reliability. This tool can empower non-medical individuals for convenient vision screening.

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology and mobile health (mHealth) technology.
Development and validation of digital health tools for public health screening.

Background:

Vision impairment affects millions globally, necessitating accessible screening methods.
Current vision testing often requires specialized equipment and trained personnel, limiting community-based screening.
Mobile applications offer a potential solution for widespread and convenient vision assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and develop a user-friendly vision test algorithm for a mobile application.
To evaluate the validity and reliability of this mobile vision test through a pilot study.
To assess the feasibility of using the app for community-based vision screening.

Main Methods:

A mobile application was developed using a single letter E optotype for visual acuity testing.

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The app tested visual acuity at levels including 3/60, 6/60, 6/18, and 6/12.

Validity was assessed against the Snellen chart (gold standard), and inter-rater reliability was determined with five users.

Main Results:

The mobile vision test demonstrated high sensitivity, particularly at the 6/12 level (92.7% right eye, 86.8% left eye).
Specificity exceeded 89% for all tested vision levels in both eyes.
Inter-rater reliability was strong, with Krippendorff's alpha values of 0.87 and 0.83.

Conclusions:

The developed mobile vision test algorithm exhibits significant validity and reliability.
The app is feasible for use by non-medical personnel for convenient, anytime, anywhere vision screening.
This mHealth tool can enhance public awareness and self-assessment of visual status.