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Exercise Therapy and Radiation Therapy for Cancer: A Systematic Review.

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Concurrent exercise therapy (ET) combined with radiation therapy (RT) is safe and improves patient-reported outcomes and physical function in cancer patients. Further research is needed for metastatic cancers.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Exercise therapy (ET) improves outcomes for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
  • Current National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines do not recommend concurrent radiation therapy (RT) and ET.
  • There is a need to evaluate the integration of ET with RT in cancer treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the acceptability, feasibility, and safety of concurrent ET + RT.
  • To assess the impact of concurrent ET + RT on patient-reported outcomes (PROs).
  • To evaluate the enhancement of physical function (strength, exercise capacity) with concurrent ET + RT.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review using a PICOS/PRISMA protocol was conducted.
  • Searched PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane Review for relevant prospective randomized controlled trials.
  • Included studies with >10 patients and at least one study arm evaluating concurrent ET + RT.

Main Results:

  • 26 studies including 1563 patients were assessed, primarily those with breast, prostate, and head and neck cancers.
  • Acceptability and completion rates for ET were 55.1% and 83.9%, respectively.
  • Significant improvements were observed in quality of life, fatigue, mood, anxiety, and physical function.

Conclusions:

  • Concurrent ET + RT is safe and well-tolerated.
  • This combination therapy enhances PROs and physical function in cancer patients.
  • Further investigation is required for metastatic cancers, focusing on survival and exercise regimen effectiveness.