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Bed bugs are associated with anemia.

Johnathan M Sheele1, Bobbi S Pritt2, Claudia R Libertin3

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.

The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
|November 22, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bed bug infestations in emergency departments are linked to anemia. Patients with bed bugs showed lower red blood cell counts and higher rates of anemia, requiring more blood transfusions.

Keywords:
AnemiaHematologyInfectious diseasesIron deficiencyPublic health

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Public Health
  • Medical Entomology

Background:

  • Bed bugs (hematophagous insects) can be a nuisance in urban emergency departments.
  • The health implications of bed bug infestations, particularly on blood parameters, are not well-understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if red blood cell (RBC) and coagulation indices differ between emergency department (ED) patients with and without bed bug infestations.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective chart review was conducted for ED patients from February 2011 to February 2017.
  • Bed bug-infested patients were matched to non-infested controls based on age, sex, and presenting ED.
  • Statistical analyses included t-tests, Pearson chi-squared tests, and multivariable logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • The study included 332 infested patients and 4952 controls.
  • Infested patients exhibited lower hemoglobin, hematocrit, and RBC counts, along with a higher RBC distribution width-coefficient of variation (RDW-CV).
  • Anemia prevalence was significantly higher in infested patients (59.5% vs. 36.9%), including severe anemia (4.4% vs. 0.7%), with increased blood transfusion rates (5.1% vs. 2.3%).

Conclusions:

  • Emergency department patients with bed bug infestations are significantly associated with anemia.
  • Bed bug exposure may contribute to hematological abnormalities, necessitating further investigation into the clinical impact.