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Updated: Nov 29, 2025
06:14
Simulating Imaging of Large Scale Radio Arrays on the Lunar Surface
Published on: July 30, 2020
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Discovering the sky at the longest wavelengths with a lunar orbit array
Xuelei Chen1, Jingye Yan2, Li Deng2
1National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20A Datun Road, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China.
Summary
The discovering sky at the longest wavelength (DSL) project proposes a lunar orbit array to overcome Earth
Area of Science:
- Radio astronomy
- Lunar astronomy
- Heliophysics
- Cosmology
Background:
- Ground-based astronomical observations are hindered at ultralong wavelengths (decametre and longer) by ionosphere absorption and radio frequency interference (RFI).
- This unexplored region of the electromagnetic spectrum offers potential for significant discoveries in cosmology, heliophysics, and planetary science.
- Space-based observation is necessary to overcome ionospheric limitations, with the Moon providing a natural shield against terrestrial RFI.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose a practical and economical solution for exploring ultralong wavelengths using a lunar orbit array.
- To detail the discovering sky at the longest wavelength (DSL) project, a lunar orbit interferometer.
- To enable astronomical observations previously impossible from Earth or the lunar surface.
Main Methods:
- A lunar orbit array consisting of a mother satellite and 6-9 daughter satellites in a circular orbit around the Moon.
- Formation of a linear interferometer array for data collection.
- The mother satellite collects data, computes interferometric cross-correlations (visibilities), and transmits data to Earth.
Main Results:
- A lunar orbit array is presented as a simpler and more economical alternative to a lunar surface observatory.
- The proposed array can be deployed with a single rocket launch.
- The system is designed for efficient solar power utilization and data transmission.
Conclusions:
- A lunar orbit array offers a feasible pathway to opening the ultralong wavelength band for astronomical observation.
- The DSL project represents a significant step towards unlocking discoveries in areas like the cosmic dark ages and heliophysics.
- The project is currently under intensive study in China, highlighting international interest in lunar-based astronomy.
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