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Updated: Nov 29, 2025

Interventional Diagnostic Procedure: A Practical Guide for the Assessment of Coronary Vascular Function
Published on: March 15, 2022
When Things Get Stuck: Gear Entrapment and Other Complications of Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary
Stewart Benton1, William J Nicholson2
1Interventional Cardiology, Wellspan York Hospital, 25 Monument Road, Suite 200, York, PA 17403, USA.
Abstract:
Complex coronary artery intervention stresses the limits of both the operator's skills as well as the equipment being used for the procedure. This article is focused on avoiding, recognizing and dealing with device failure and gear entrapment during complex coronary intervention. The operator must understand how to avoid these complications by understanding the limits of devices and the need for adequate vessel preparation. This article focuses on giving the reader an algorithmic approach to recognizing when device failure/entrapment occurs and what specific maneuvers can be done to retrieve different devices and equipment safely.
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