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Watershed Planning within a Quantitative Scenario Analysis Framework

Watershed Planning within a Quantitative Scenario Analysis Framework

Published on: July 24, 2016

Quantifying anthropogenic threats affecting Marine Protected Areas in developing countries.

José Gilmar Cavalcante de Oliveira Júnior¹, João Vitor Campos-Silva¹, Davi Teles Vinhas Santos¹

¹Institute of Biological and Health Sciences-ICBS, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil.

Journal of Environmental Management

|November 23, 2020

Summary

Environmental threats in Brazilian Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are linked to poverty and multiple-use zones. Addressing social inequalities is crucial for effective MPA management and conservation outcomes.

Keywords:

Conflicts Governance Social issues Socio-ecology Vulnerability

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Area of Science:

Marine conservation science
Environmental management
Socioeconomics

Background:

Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) face challenges in addressing anthropogenic threats, particularly in developing nations with limited resources and enforcement.
Understanding the root causes of these threats is essential for developing effective management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the drivers of environmental threats across 40 Brazilian MPAs.
To categorize and quantify threats using both social surveys and news media data.

Main Methods:

Utilized systematic social surveys (WWF's RAPPAM assessment) as a primary data source.
Gathered and analyzed data from news media articles as a secondary data source.
Classified 461 reported threats into overexploitation, urbanization, and land use categories.

Main Results:

Overexploitation threats were strongly correlated with extreme poverty in local communities adjacent to MPAs.
Threats were more prevalent in Category V MPAs (Environmental Protection Areas in Brazil) with multiple use objectives.
Threats were concentrated along the North and Southeast coasts of Brazil.

Conclusions:

News media data offers qualitative insights but limited quantitative potential for threat assessment.
Effective MPA management requires acknowledging and addressing social inequalities that exacerbate environmental threats.
Prioritizing social interventions may be necessary as a prerequisite for successful MPA governance in contexts of significant socioeconomic challenges.