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Genetic predisposition in pediatric oncology
Doina Paula Pruteanu1,2, Diana Elena Olteanu1, Rodica Cosnarovici1
1Department of Pediatric Oncology, "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta" Oncology Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Medicine and Pharmacy Reports
|November 23, 2020
Summary
Identifying genetic predisposition syndromes in pediatric oncology is crucial. Early recognition aids in timely diagnosis, treatment adjustments, and long-term monitoring for secondary cancers.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Genetics
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Genetic predisposition syndromes significantly impact cancer diagnosis and management.
- Germline mutations, inherited or de novo, are responsible for these syndromes.
- Understanding these genetic factors is vital for patient and family care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the most significant genetic syndromes associated with malignant pathology in pediatric oncology.
- To highlight the importance of identifying genetic predispositions for improved patient outcomes.
Main Methods:
- This review synthesizes current knowledge on genetic predisposition syndromes in pediatric oncology.
- It discusses various inheritance patterns including Mendelian and non-Mendelian mechanisms.
Main Results:
- Genetic predisposition can lead to earlier cancer diagnosis.
- Identifying these syndromes influences treatment plans, adverse effect monitoring, and surveillance for second neoplasms.
- Germline mutations are the underlying cause, with diverse inheritance patterns.
Conclusions:
- Recognizing genetic predisposition syndromes in pediatric cancer patients is essential for personalized care.
- This knowledge facilitates early detection, tailored treatment, and proactive surveillance strategies.
- A comprehensive understanding of genetic syndromes improves long-term management and patient prognosis.
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