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Sutures of the Skull

Sutures of the Skull

The human skull is composed of several bones that come together to protect the brain and support the structures of the face. The junctions where these bones meet are called sutures.
Sutures are immobile joints between adjacent bones of the skull. The narrow gap between the bones is filled with dense, fibrous connective tissue that unites the bones. The long sutures located between the skull bones are not straight but instead follow irregular, tightly twisting paths. These twisting lines tightly...

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Orthodontic bone screws: A quick update and its promising future.

Chris H Chang¹, Lexie Y Lin¹, Wilbur Eugene Roberts^2,3,4

¹Beethoven Orthodontic Center, HsinChu, Taiwan.

Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research

|November 23, 2020

Summary

Extra-alveolar orthodontic bone screws (OBSs) combine basilar bone anchorage with miniscrew convenience for complex malocclusions. This system effectively retracts teeth and manages impactions, offering a versatile solution for various orthodontic needs.

Keywords:

bone screws clear aligner therapy extra-alveolar orthodontic anchorage infra-zygomatic crest mandibular buccal shelf

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Area of Science:

Orthodontics
Dental Implantology
Biomaterials

Background:

Orthodontic bone screws (OBSs) offer intraoral anchorage by integrating with basilar bone (BB).
Previous extra-alveolar (E-A) implants for BB anchorage were complex and costly.
Inter-radicular (I-R) miniscrews are convenient but often require multiples and can impede tooth movement.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and summarize the Extra-alveolar Orthodontic Bone Screw (E-A OBS) system.
To highlight the advantages of combining BB anchorage with miniscrew convenience.
To present current concepts for managing complex malocclusions using the E-A OBS system.

Main Methods:

Placement of larger diameter (2mm), strong stainless steel E-A OBSs in the infra-zygomatic crest (IZC) and mandibular buccal shelf (MBS) for BB anchorage.
Utilizing E-A OBSs for dentition retraction, arch rotation, and managing impacted teeth with lever arm springs.
Integrating E-A OBSs with fixed appliances and clear aligners for comprehensive malocclusion correction.

Main Results:

E-A OBSs provide robust osseous anchorage, enabling effective tooth movement and correction of severe malocclusions.
The system simplifies complex orthodontic procedures by offering a convenient yet strong anchorage solution.
Successful management of severe crowding, skeletal discrepancies, asymmetries, and impactions has been demonstrated.

Conclusions:

The E-A OBS system effectively combines the benefits of basilar bone anchorage and miniscrew convenience.
This approach offers a versatile and conservative method for managing a wide spectrum of complex malocclusions.
The E-A OBS system represents a significant advancement in orthodontic anchorage, applicable with both fixed appliances and clear aligners.