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Related Experiment Video

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A MRI-Based Toolbox for Neurosurgical Planning in Nonhuman Primates
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Chimpanzee brain morphometry utilizing standardized MRI preprocessing and macroanatomical annotations.

Sam Vickery1,2, William D Hopkins3, Chet C Sherwood4

  • 1Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.

Elife
|November 23, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chimpanzee brain evolution research benefits from new tools. We found human-like age-related gray matter loss and rightward brain asymmetry in chimpanzees, enhancing comparative neuroscience.

Keywords:
VBMagingasymmetrychimpanzeegray matterneurosciencepreprocessing

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Area of Science:

  • Primate neuroimaging
  • Comparative neuroanatomy
  • Evolutionary neuroscience

Background:

  • Chimpanzees are vital models for understanding human brain evolution due to genetic proximity.
  • Advancements in human brain mapping offer opportunities to improve animal data analysis with species-specific tools.
  • Standardized analysis requires robust reference templates and processing pipelines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a chimpanzee brain reference template (Juna.Chimp) and parcellation (Davi130) for standardized analysis.
  • To introduce a novel, ready-to-use image processing pipeline for chimpanzee neuroimaging.
  • To investigate age-related brain changes and asymmetries in chimpanzees using advanced computational methods.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized structural MRI data from the National Chimpanzee Brain Resource (NCBR).
  • Developed the Juna.Chimp reference template and Davi130 brain parcellation.
  • Implemented a processing pipeline using the CAT12 toolbox (SPM12) adapted for chimpanzees.
  • Analyzed data from 194 chimpanzee subjects.

Main Results:

  • Identified significant, human-like age-related gray matter atrophy in multiple chimpanzee brain regions.
  • Observed a general rightward asymmetry across various brain areas in the chimpanzee cohort.
  • Demonstrated the utility of the new processing pipeline and templates for comparative brain analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The developed tools (Juna.Chimp, Davi130, CAT12 pipeline) enable standardized, human-comparable analysis of chimpanzee brain MRI data.
  • Chimpanzees exhibit age-related gray matter decline and brain asymmetries similar to humans.
  • These findings advance our understanding of primate brain evolution and aging processes.