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Identification of Circular RNAs using RNA Sequencing
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Circular RNAs in Toxicology.

Yueting Shao1,2, Yiguo Jiang1,2

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Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are stable, non-coding RNAs with unique functions. This review explores their roles as biomarkers in diseases and toxicant exposure, highlighting research gaps.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Toxicology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are stable, non-coding RNAs with diverse biological functions.
  • Their roles as biomarkers in diseases like cancer are increasingly recognized.
  • Environmental toxicants' interactions with human genetics, especially epigenetics, remain poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the latest research on circRNAs.
  • To assess the role of the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA axis in disease and toxicant exposure.
  • To identify knowledge gaps regarding toxicant-circRNA interactions as biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of circRNA biogenesis, functions, and roles.
  • Focus on circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interactions in toxicological contexts.
  • Analysis of circRNAs in chemical carcinogenesis, respiratory toxicology, and neurotoxicology.

Main Results:

  • CircRNAs show potential as prognostic biomarkers for diseases and health risks from toxicants.
  • Exosome-contained circRNAs represent a newly discovered area.
  • The review synthesizes current knowledge on circRNAs in various toxicological fields.

Conclusions:

  • CircRNAs are promising biomarkers for disease prognosis and evaluating toxicant-induced health risks.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand toxicant-circRNA interactions.
  • CircRNAs offer a novel epigenetic perspective in toxicology.