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Related Concept Videos

Reproductive Cloning01:27

Reproductive Cloning

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Reproductive cloning is the process of producing a genetically identical copy—a clone—of an entire organism. While clones can be produced by splitting an early embryo—similar to what happens naturally with identical twins—cloning of adult animals is usually done by a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT).
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
In SCNT, an egg cell is taken from an animal and its nucleus is removed, creating an enucleated egg. Then a somatic...
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Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming01:14

Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming

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Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...
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Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

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Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
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Cloning of Dolly the Sheep01:08

Cloning of Dolly the Sheep

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The first successfully cloned mammal was Dolly, a sheep, born on 5th July 1996 at Roslin Institute, Scotland. The cloned sheep was named after the American singer Dolly Parton. Dolly lived for seven years and died of respiratory complications, which is speculated to be due to the actual age of her DNA. Because the DNA in cloned cells belongs to an older individual,  the cloned individual’s life expectancy may be affected. Indeed, analysis of Dolly’s DNA revealed shorter...
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Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 29, 2025

Combinational Treatment of Trichostatin A and Vitamin C Improves the Efficiency of Cloning Mice by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
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Combinational Treatment of Trichostatin A and Vitamin C Improves the Efficiency of Cloning Mice by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer

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Pig Cloning Using Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer.

Hongsheng Ouyang1, Jianyong Han2, Yongye Huang3

  • 1Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China. ouyh@jlu.edu.cn.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|November 23, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Porcine cloning produces genetically identical pigs from high-quality donors. This technology is crucial for creating disease models and donor animals for xenotransplantation, using fetal fibroblasts for cloning.

Keywords:
Animal cloningFetal fibroblastsOocytesPig cloningSomatic cell nuclear transfer

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Transnuclear Mice with Pre-defined T Cell Receptor Specificities Against Toxoplasma gondii Obtained Via SCNT
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Application of Mouse Parthenogenetic Haploid Embryonic Stem Cells as a Substitute of Sperm
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Area of Science:

  • Animal Biotechnology
  • Reproductive Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) enables the production of genetically identical animals.
  • Porcine cloning offers a method to replicate high-value breeding stock.
  • Genetically modified pigs are essential for biomedical research and xenotransplantation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the procedures for generating cloned pigs using fetal fibroblasts.
  • To highlight the importance of SCNT in producing genetically identical porcine offspring.
  • To underscore the role of cloned pigs in disease modeling and xenotransplantation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT).
  • Employing porcine fetal fibroblasts as nuclear donors.
  • Describing detailed protocols for pig cloning.

Main Results:

  • Successful generation of cloned pigs genetically identical to donor cells.
  • Demonstration of SCNT feasibility with porcine fetal fibroblasts.
  • Establishment of a reproducible method for porcine cloning.

Conclusions:

  • Porcine cloning via SCNT is a viable technology for producing genetically identical animals.
  • The described methods are critical for advancing pig models for human diseases.
  • Cloned pigs are valuable resources for xenotransplantation and genetic improvement programs.