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Increasing secular trends in height and obesity in children with type 1 diabetes: JSGIT cohort

Mie Mochizuki1, Yoshiya Ito2, Hiroshi Yokomichi3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan.

Plos One
|November 23, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Anthropometric indices in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) have changed, with increasing height and BMI. This trend highlights the need for awareness of cardiovascular disease risks in pediatric T1DM patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Diabetes Mellitus Research

Background:

  • Anthropometric indices in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) have shown recent changes.
  • Understanding these shifts is crucial for managing long-term health outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate secular trends in anthropometric indices among Japanese children with T1DM.
  • To analyze changes in height, BMI, and obesity prevalence over time.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from Japanese children with T1DM across multiple cohorts (1995-2013).
  • Evaluation of serum HbA1c, severe hypoglycemia incidence, insulin types/doses, height SDS, BMI percentiles, and obesity prevalence.
  • Stratification of patients based on glycaemic control levels.

Main Results:

  • Decreased incidence of severe hypoglycemia and increased use of insulin analogues.
  • Significant increases in height SDS, BMI percentile, and obesity prevalence.
  • Height SDS increased across all glycaemic control groups; BMI and obesity increased in suboptimal and high-risk groups.

Conclusions:

  • Children with T1DM have shown increased average height and BMI since 1995, correlating with higher insulin doses.
  • Clinicians must recognize the rising BMI in T1DM pediatric patients.
  • Increased BMI necessitates awareness of future cardiovascular disease risks.
Abstract

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