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Rôle of lipids in airway function
1Department of Physiology, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London, U.K.
European Journal of Respiratory Diseases. Supplement
|January 1, 1987
Summary
Airway secretions contain diverse lipids, with composition varying by collection method and disease. These lipids influence mucus properties, airway function, and defense mechanisms.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Biochemistry
Background:
- The lipid composition of airway secretions is complex and not fully understood.
- Variations in collection methods significantly impact reported lipid profiles.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the lipid composition of airway secretions.
- To explore the influence of different methods and disease states on lipid profiles.
- To elucidate the functional roles of airway lipids.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage, sputum, tracheobronchial aspirates, washings, explant secretions, and cell cultures.
- Characterization of lipid profiles including total lipids, free fatty acids, cholesterol, DPPC, and phospholipids.
Main Results:
- Bronchoalveolar lavage is rich in alveolar surfactant.
- Sputum composition is highly variable due to contamination and disease.
- Tracheobronchial aspirates and washings provide more direct lipid profiles, showing cholesterol and phospholipids.
- Evidence suggests larger airways can secrete lipids, and lipids also originate from cell breakdown.
Conclusions:
- Airway lipid composition is method-dependent and influenced by disease.
- Airway lipids play crucial roles in mucus rheology, mucociliary clearance, bacterial defense, and airway stability.