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Free radicals in iron-containing systems.

H B Dunford1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.

Free Radical Biology & Medicine
|January 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary
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Molecular oxygen initiates oxidative damage through peroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide. Chelated iron and peroxides propagate damaging chain reactions involving harmful free radicals like hydroxyl radical and organic peroxyl radical.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Oxidative Stress Biology
  • Free Radical Chemistry

Background:

  • Oxidative damage in biological systems originates from molecular oxygen.
  • Molecular oxygen can form organic peroxyl radicals and hydroperoxides, or be reduced to hydrogen peroxide, with superoxide anion as an intermediate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms of oxidative damage initiated by molecular oxygen.
  • To identify key reactive species and chain propagators in oxidative damage.
  • To propose a role for superoxide dismutase in the phagocytic process.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of radical scavenging and reduction pathways of molecular oxygen.
  • Identification of chain initiators and carriers in oxidative damage.
  • Proposed enzymatic interactions in phagocytosis.

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Main Results:

  • Organic hydroperoxides and hydrogen peroxide can permeate cell membranes, unlike hydroxyl radicals or superoxide anions.
  • Chelated iron and peroxides initiate damaging chain reactions with hydroxyl radical (.OH), organic peroxyl radical (RO2.), and superoxide anion (O2-.) as chain carriers.
  • .OH and RO2. are identified as the most harmful free radicals.

Conclusions:

  • Iron-containing biological molecules can act as iron donors, initiating and propagating oxidative damage.
  • Superoxide dismutase may function as an intermediate enzyme in phagocytosis, linking NADPH oxidase and myeloperoxidase.
  • The sequence O2----O2-.----H2O2----HOCl outlines a key pathway in oxidative processes.